In the early 1800’s when the Japanese began breeding Koi from carp
mutations, one or two colors were all their were. But, they grew
in popularity very quickly and as many people began breeding them
they began to come in greater varieties and combinations of colors
and patterns. Koi today can be seen in a wide variety of colors
including orange, black, yellow, green and white as well as many
patterns of colors.
In order to recognize the different varieties of Koi you need to
have an understanding of the different classifications that Koi are
grouped into. Each of the different varieties has its own
standards, but most varieties allow for variations in coloring or
patterns. Among the varieties of Koi a couple stand out as the
most popular. Kahaku Koi is one of the more popular as well as the
Hirarimono or Ogon variety. The Kahaku are white with red markings
and the Hararimono are metallic and single colored.
“Hikari”, the first part of the word means metallic and “mono”
means single color. So these Koi are a single metallic color.
The Ogon Koi are also a solid color with a very metallic appearance.
The most common colors of Ogon are yellow, also known as Yamabuki
Ogon, and white or silver known as Platinum Ogon. In all of these
varieties th coloration should be the same from head to tail with
no variations in color. In the Ogon Koi, large fins are desirable
because they offset the plain colored bodies.
The shiny luster of the White Koi or Platinum Ogon give the look of
a precious metal. These beautiful fish first asppeared back in 1963,
most likely from breeding Kigoi with the grayish silver Nezu (the
Japanese word for rat or Nezumi) Ogon. These Koi Fish are very
hardy and grow very fast. They are great for poorly filtered or ‘
very large Koi ponds because they stand out in the murky water.
Other Ogon Koi include the Orenji, Nezu and the Fuji Koi.
In order to give them a shinier appearance the majority of the
Platinum Ogon Koi are bred with Ginrin scales. They are distinctly
different than the Metallic Koi’s overall gleam caused by reflective
pigment of the scales, Ginrin scales sheen over all or part of their
surface and have a glimmering effect much like cut diamonds. To
qualify for this catefgory the fish needs to have more of these
scales than one can count as the fish swim by. About 20 of these
scales is usually the minimum accepted.
The large variety of colors of the Koi Fish is the real attraction for
pond owners to fill their ponds with Koi Fish. Koi should always be
viewed from the top as this shows off their colors best. Most of
the fishes pigment are on the top side of the fish. Round pools are
always used for events in Asia and the Koi are always viewed
directly from the top.
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Having a Koi Pond in the landscape of your yard is a pleasure for those that
own them. Watching the Koi Fish and hearing the sound of the runing water
brings a tranquil and relaxing feeling. But, the maintenance of your Koi
Pond takes a good deal of work. Keeping your Koi healthy and happy and
insuring that you pond remains clean requires a number of steps to be taken.
Your going to need to keep a number of supplies on hand.
A fountain or waterfall in you pond is certainly a beautiful addition to the
pond but it actually is very beneficial in maintaining the quality of the
water for the benefit of your fish. The falling water actually puts oxygen
into the water and keeps the water stirred up so that algae doesn’t form as
easily. It’s also very important that you have a filter as it is also vital
to the ponds overall health. The filter removes pollutants as well as
debris that gets into the pond, thus keeping the water quality as high as
possible. Your filter uses a pump to circulate the water since the ponds
are so large. The pump is a vital part of your pond for this reason.
In order to maintain the quality of water for your fish you will need a
couple of essential supplies on hand. From time to time your pond will need
to have water added due to evaporation. Unfortunately adding water to the
pond will also introduce chlorine to the water. Chlorine is very detrimental
to the Koi and must be removed. To do this you will need to keep
dechlorinator on hand. This will remove the chemicals from the water. A
water test kit is required to monitor these conditions. With it you will be
able to monitor the Ph level as well as the nitrate level of your pond.
Many times these test kits come with your pond kit but if not you can get
them at any pet store. If the test indicates a problem with the PH or the
Nitrate you can use baking soda or pond salt to regulate the conditions.
If like many people, you build your pond under the shade of a tree you may
want to keep a pond skimmer on hand to clean up the leaves and debris that
this will cause. Although this is a bit of a hassle, having a tree
overhanging your pond will offer protection from the sun as well as from
bird predators that will have a much harder time seeing the fish through
the tree.
By keeping all the necessary supplies on hand you will have everything you
need to keep you Koi Fish happy and healthy at a moments notice.
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Koi Ponds have an amazing, almost therapeudic effect on those who own
them, watching the Koi swim around the pond as well as hearing the
gurgle of the running water and the occasional splash of the water
from a fish jumping are some of the ways a Koi Pond can relax and
relieve stress. Not to mention the foliage and flowers surrounding
your pond. Since we are hoping to relieve stress with the pond, it
may be wise to purchase a pond kit to get your pond started. The kits
are very easy and fast to set up. They are a great time and money
saver. They come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes to fit any
yard size. Even if the space is restricted in your yard you can
choose a small pond specifically for small spaces.
Most kits come complete with all the components necessary to maintain
your pond. The kits usually come with a liner, water filtration
equipment, tubing, pump and water treatment chemicals. Liners can
come in pre-formed shapes or a plastic pond liner that you place
inside a pre-dug hole. The plastic pond liner lets you create your
own shape, size and depth to your own liking. If your looking for a
larger pond you can buy a kit with a waterfall as well. If your going
to keep Koi Fish in your pond you will want to be sure that its at
least 500 gallons.
Maintaining your pond properly is very important. It’s also
important that you have the right supplies on hand in order to care
for your fish properly. Regular observation of your fish is important
especially in the first several days after introducing them to the
pond. This way you can be sure they are getting the correct amount of
food. Its important that they get enough food, but not too much. Only
what they will eat in about 5 minutes. Any excess food should be
removed. If the food is allowed to remain the pond will become dirty
and excess algae will become a problem. You can use a skimmer to
remove the excess food. Most kits come with a skimmer as well as
things like filter brushes, lights and even plastic plants.
Purchasing a Koi Pond kit may be the best solution if you are new to
Koi ponds. The kit and the directions you receive with it will insure
that you get your pond set up quickly and easily. Koi Fish are hardy
and easy to care for but nevetheless they require good water quality
and the proper care in order to thrive.
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Koi are colorful graceful and are long lived, making them the ideal fish to
thrive in an outdoor pond. They also have many other traits that make them
the ideal candidate for your pond.
You can expect your Koi Fish to grow to be quite large and therefore if
they are to thrive they will need a large pond of 500 gallons or more. The
amount of space and the quality of the water in it will ultimately
determine the health of the fish. Koi require water temperatures between
60 and 67 degrees fehrenheit as they are essentially cold water fish.
Koi can live in a wide geographic area becasuse of this and so people who
live in a cooler climate will still be able to enjoy having a pond stocked
with Koi. In the winter the Koi simply hibernate when ice forms on the
surface of the pond.
A Koi Pond offers more than just raising fish. Its also a wonderfull
garden. A chance to build your own little getaway in your back yard.
Koi love to have shade from the sun as they are cold water fish. Water
lilies offer the best shade for you Koi. They come in many varieties
and can cover up to 70% of the waters surface. Not only are the lilies
good for shade but they also help to control the algae in the pond.
Koi only tolerate five or six hours of sunlight a day and the lilies give
them good protection from the sun. Koi eat both meat and plants and
they can find both insects and larva within and around the plants. Another
way of providing shade for your Koi is to build the pond under a tree, but
keep in mind you’ll have to deal with the leaves and twigs from the tree.
You may want to keep a skimmer near the pond to do the cleanup.
Predators are always a concern when rasising Koi. Raccoons love a good Koi
meal and you will need to provide your Koi with at least 4 feet of water
to keep them safe from predators such as raccoon. The Great Blue Heron is
also a big concern in certain parts of the world. A Blue Heron can eat up
a hundred six inch Koi in one meal. Your pond should have a depth of at
leat 8 feet in order to protect from these predators. You could also
place a bird net over your pond. A tree also offers some protection from
birds.
Use your imagination freely when bulding your Koi Pond. You can build the
pond to your own specifications and create an outdoor living area that
you can enjoy for years to come.
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Ever wonder where “Koi Fish” came from? If you think they look like the
common carp, your correct. Koi are domesticated from the common carp in
Japan. Breeding of Koi began around 1820 by the Japanese. The breeding
of the Koi and its popularity worldwide has resulted in a remarkable
variety of colors and patterns. Black, red and orange seem to be the
most popular, but blue, green, yellow and silver are common too.
Koi ponds are renowned for their ambiance, with the sound of rippling
water from the frequently present waterfall. Many sucessful Koi pond
enthusiasts find that mixing living plants in with their ponds make them
even more entrancing. It’s very desirable to replicate a natural
environement for your Koi, however, Koi are somewhat mischevious around
plants, so they don’t always co-exist well. Koi can sometimes wreak havoc
on potted plants placed within the pond. When potted plants are placed
on the floor of the pond larger Koi may sometimes knock these pots over,
leading to a dirty murky pond. They also tend to dig up the soil in the pots.
But don’t despair there are some solutions to try. You can try netting over
the pots or use pea gravel to cover the soil, possibly both would work
better. Anyway, you should try several things or a combination of them until
you find the best solution. Even larger rocks on the big pots might help
to keep the Koi from knocking them over.
You may want to try a selection of lilies in the pond as well. Lilies don’t
supply any oxygen in the water but they will provide a good desal of shade
and some shelter. Lilies come in quite a variety, so you will be able to find
them for deep water as well as shallow. Since Koi Fish are omnivores
they will be able to search through the plants for insects and larva to
eat. Plants in the water naturally help to attract insects.
In addition to insects, Koi Fish enjoy a wide variety of other foods as
well. Koi have good eyesight and have the ability to recognize the person
who feeds them, sometimes even coming up and eating from their hands.
In addition to the comercially prepared Koi foods they enjoy a wide vaiety of
other foods such as peas, lettuce and even melons.
Having a Koi Pond in your backyard is truly a remarkable healing force.
Nothing could be more relaxing or serene.
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